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Classification Of Laws, Criminal And Civil Law

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Criminal law vs civil law

Classification of law- Criminal and civil law

There are very many ways in which you can classify the different laws, but it can generally be classified into criminal law and civil law.

In simple words, civil law is every law other than criminal law. This can include property laws designed for the ownership and transfer of property, contract laws that govern personal agreements, etc. When two or more people have some kind of a difference in opinions that cannot be settled in anyway, then it is up to the courts to settle these differences. Such a law is known as the tort law and under this law, an individual is entitled to receive compensation for the harm done to him. The injury may be physical or mental, such as invasion of privacy, assault and battery, trespassing, libel (false and injurious writings against you), slander and any other wrongful acts.

Torts come into play when someone is injured or harmed as result of the actions of another individual. Discrepancies occur when the standard of evidence for finding is less in civil cases. A major difference between the criminal law vs civil law is that criminal cases require the evidences to be proved beyond a reasonable doubt, whereas in a civil case, the only requirement is that the evidence has to prove the preponderance of the evidence.

A feature that is similar to both the criminal law and civil law is that they are designed to serve a common purpose; to manage people’s behavior by placing limits on the permissible acts in a country.

The criminal law has invested the state with the power to protect its citizens from harm. This is achieved by penalizing individuals who disturb the social order of things or threaten to do so. If it can be proved that there was a criminal law violation, then the defendant may be awarded a jail sentence, fined or both. In the case of tort law, the main purpose is to compensate the plaintiff for injuries he or she had to suffer.

Criminal law and civil law

                             Criminal and civil law

The state initiates the legal proceedings for criminal actions by bringing charges against the defendant and then proceeding with the prosecution. Civil law is said to be violated when an individual’s action results in an injury indirectly. In the case of civil trials, it is up to the victim to file a lawsuit and initiate the proceedings. If guilty, the defendant will have to pay compensation to the injured victim.

Those were some aspects of criminal law vs civil law. For more on the same, refer online legal resources or visit your local library.


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